Problematic laser focusing maybe resulted from the eclusive changes in the glass slide. That will come with suspicious data by over/under focus. Caduceus dynamic autofocus continually adjusts to keep the features in focus and generating effective and efficient result.

The laser beams are dynamically focused on the surface of microarray slide based on the auto-focusing function using the focus error signal (FES). The auto-focusing of the laser beam is controlled using the focusing voice coil motor (VCM) to adjust the vertical distance between the objective lens and the surface of the sample slide on the basis of the FES (= (A+C)−(B+D), where A, B, C, and D are the intensities of the four divided regions of photodetector).